Viltbuskage
Ordlista
- Strukturdrag som är viktiga för mångfalden
Till de typiska strukturdrag som är viktiga för skogens mångfald hör stora och gamla träd, grov död ved samt sådana egenskaper som hänför sig till själva trädbeståndet såsom lövinslag och grupper av tät underväxt.
Litteratur
- Lilja S. & Kuuluvainen T. 2005. Structure of old Pinus sylvestris dominated forest stands along a geographic and human impact gradient in mid-boreal Fennoscandia. Silva Fennica vol. 39 no. 3 article id 377.
- Hiltunen, M., Kauhala, K. & Lindén, H. 2004. Habitat use of the mountain hare Lepus timidus in summer: the importance of different vegetation layers. Acta Theriologica 49: 479–490.
https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03192592(extern länk) - Silvennoinen, H. 2017: Metsämaiseman kauneus ja metsänhoidon vaikutus koettuun maisemaan metsikkötasolla. Dissertationes Forestales 242: 1-86.
http://dx.doi.org/10.14214/df.242(extern länk) - Brodie, L.C., & Harrington, C.A. 2020. Guide to variable-density thinning using skips and gaps. Gen. Tech. Rep. PNW-GTR-989. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station. 37 s.
https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/GOVPUB-A13-PURL-gpo142518/pdf/GOVPUB-A13-PURL-gpo142518.pdf(extern länk) - Tikkanen, O.-P., Matero, J., Mönkkönen, M., Juutinen, A. & Kouki, J. 2012. To thin or not to thin: bio-economic analysis of two alternative practices to increase amount of coarse woody debris in managed forests. European Journal of Forest Research 131: 1411–1422.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10342-012-0607-8(extern länk) - Melin, M., Mehtätalo, L., Miettinen, J., Tossavainen, S. & Packalen, P. 2016. Forest structure as a determinant of grouse brood occurrence - an analysis linking LiDAR data with presence/absence field data. Forest Ecology and Management 380: 202–211.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2016.09.007(extern länk) - Klein, J., Thor, G., Low, M., ym. 2020. What is good for birds is not always good for lichens: Interactions between forest structure and species richness in managed boreal forests. Forest Ecology and Management 473: 118327.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2020.118327(extern länk) - Helle, P., Jokimäki, J. & Lindén, H. 1990. Metsokukkojen elinympäristövalinta Pohjois-Suomessa – radiotelemetrinen tutkimus. Suomen Riista 36: 72–81.
- Gjerde, I. 1991. Cues in winter habitat selection by capercaillie. I. Habitat characteristics. Ornis Scandinavica 22: 197–204.
https://doi.org/10.2307/3676590(extern länk) - Ludwig, G.X. 2007. Mechanisms of population declines in boreal forest grouse. Väitöskirja, Jyväskylän yliopisto. 48 s.
https://jyx.jyu.fi/bitstream/handle/123456789/13146/1/9789513928254.pdf(extern länk) - Bradshaw, C.J.A. & Warkentin, I.G. 2015: Global estimates of boreal forest carbon stocks and flux. Global and Planetary Change 128: 24-30.
- Krankina, O.N. & Harmon, M.E. Dynamics of the dead wood carbon pool in northwestern Russian boreal forests. Water Air Soil Pollution. (1995) 82: 227.
https://doi-org.libproxy.helsinki.fi/10.1007/BF01182836(extern länk) - Gustafsson, L. ym. 2012. Retention forestry to maintain multifunctional forests: A world perspective. BioScience, 62: 633–645.
https://doi.org/10.1525/bio.2012.62.7.6(extern länk) - Lehtonen, A. et al. 2021. Maankäyttösektorin ilmastotoimenpiteet: Arvio päästövähennysmahdollisuuksista. Luonnonvara- ja biotalouden tutkimus 65/2021. Luonnonvarakeskus. Helsinki. 122 s.
- Mäkinen, H., Hynynen, J., Siitonen, J., Sievänen, R. 2006. Predicting the decomposition of scots pine, Norway spruce, and birch stems in Finland. Ecological Applications 16(5): 1865–1879.
- Holeksa, J., Zielonka, T., & Żywiec, M. 2008. Modeling the decay of coarse woody debris in a subalpine Norway spruce forest of the West Carpathians, Poland. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 38(3), 415-428.
- Niemelä T, Wallenius T, Kotiranta H. 2002. The kelo tree, a vanishing substrate of specified wood-inhabiting fungi. Pol Bot J 47(2):91–101
- Pukkala, T., 2018. Carbon forestry is surprising. Forest Ecosystems 5, 11
https://forestecosyst.springeropen.com/articles/10.1186/s40663-018-0131-5(extern länk) - Valkonen, S., Ruuska, J. & Siipilehto, J. 2001: Mäntysäästöpuut männyntaimikoissa – aukkoisuutta, kasvutappioita vai laatua? Metsätieteen aikakauskirja 1/2001: 55-59.
- Valkonen, S., Sirén, M. & Piri, T. 2010. Poiminta- ja pienaukkohakkuut – vaihtoehtoja avohakkuulle. Metsäkustannus Oy.
- Hosionaho, M. 2012: Säästöpuuryhmien vaikutus luontaisen taimiaineksen syntyyn uudistusaloilla. Pro gradu, Helsingin yliopisto.
https://www.theseus.fi/handle/10024/39585(extern länk) - Palik M. 2003: Spatial distribution of overstorey retention influences resources and growth of longleaf pine seedlings. Ecol. Appl. 13: 674-686.
- Sterkenburg ym. 2019. The significance of retention trees for survival of ectomycorrhizal fungi in clear-cut Scots pine forests. J. Appl. Ecol. 56: 1367– 1378.
https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2664.13363(extern länk) - Korkama ym. 2006. Ectomycorrhizal community structure varies among Norway spruce (Picea abies) clones. New Phytologist, 171: 815–824.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2006.01786.x(extern länk) - Outerbridge, R.A. & Trofymow, J.A. 2009: Forest management and maintenance of ectomycorrhizae: A case study of green tree retention in south-coastal British Columbia. J. Ecosyst. Manag. 10: 6.
- Stokland, J. N., Siitonen, J. & Jonsson, B. G. 2012. Biodiversity in dead wood. Cambridge, UK. Cambridge University Press. 509 s.
- Seibold ym. 2021: The contribution of insects to global forest deadwood decomposition. Nature.
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-021-03740-8(extern länk)